In our culture, the sources of what we call a sense of “mastery”— feeling important and wo

In our culture, the sources of what we call a sense of “mastery”— feeling important and worthwhile — and the sources of what we call a sense of “pleasure”— finding life enjoyable — are not always the same．Women often are told “You can’t have it all.” Sometimes what the speaker really is saying is: “You choose a career, so you can’t expect to have closer relationships or a happy family life.” or “You have a wonderful husband and children — what’s all this about wanting a career?” But women need to understand and develop both aspects of well-being, if they are to feel good about themselves.
Our study shows that, for women, well-being has two aspects．One is mastery, which includes self-respect, a sense of control over your life, and low levels of anxiety and depression．Mastery is closely related to the “doing” side of life, to work and activity．Pleasure is the other aspect, and it is made up of happiness, satisfaction and optimism．It is tied more closely to the “feeling” side of life．The two are independent of each other．A woman could be high in mastery and low in pleasure, and vice versa（反之亦然）．For example, a woman who has a good job, but whose mother has just died, might be feeling very good about herself and in control of her work life, but the pleasure side could be damaged for a time.
The concepts of mastery and pleasure can help us identify the sources of well-being for women, and correct past mistakes．In the past, women were encouraged to look only at the feeling side of life as the source of all well-being．But we know that both mastery and pleasure are important．And mastery seems to be achieved largely through work．In our study, all the groups of employed women were valued significantly higher in mastery than women who were not employed.
A woman’s well-being is developed when she takes on multiple roles．At least by middle adulthood, the women who were involved in a combination of roles — marriages, motherhood, and employment — were the highest in well-being, in spite of warnings about stress and strain.
【小题1】It can be inferred from the first paragraph that .A．for women, a sense of “mastery” is more important than a sense of “pleasure”B．for women, a sense of “pleasure” is more important than a sense of “mastery”C．women can’t have a sense of “mastery” and a sense of “pleasure” at the same timeD．a sense of “mastery” and a sense of “pleasure” are both necessary to women【小题2】The author’s attitude towards women having a career is .A．negativeB．positiveC．indifferentD．realistic【小题3】One can conclude from the passage that if a woman takes on several social roles, .A．it will be easier for her to overcome stress and strainB．she will be more successful in her careerC．her chances of getting promoted will be greaterD．her life will be richer and more meaningful【小题4】Which of the following can be considered as a source of “pleasure” for women?A．Family lifeB．Multiple roles in societyC．Regular employmentD．Freedom from anxietyD

(答案→)D 解析：【小题1】D 文章第一段最后一句话有直接提到答案women need to understand and develop both aspects of well-being，说明掌控和舒适对于女性都是很重要的，故选择D【小题1】B 此题考查对作者态度的感知，由倒数第二段的研究结果all the groups of employed women were valued significantly higher in mastery可以得知作者对于女性工作采取积极态度，故选择B【小题1】D 同样在最后一段中有提及女性担任多重角色的意义，A woman’s well-being is developed when she takes on multiple roles，说明这样会让她们的人生更有意义，故选择D【小题1】A 题目的答案在文章中可以间接找到，因为mastery的来源是工作，与之相对的pleasure的来源可推知是家庭，故选择A

我明天再问问老师，叫他解释下这个问题

我学会了

4.9×109 竖直向上 不变解析分析：（1）知道货船排开水的体积，利用阿基米德原理求货船受到的浮力，浮力方向竖直向上；
（2）货船漂浮，受到的浮力等于货船受到的重力，据此可知受到浮力的大小关系．解答：
（1）∵V排=5×105m3，
∴轮船满载时所受浮力为：
F浮=G排=ρ水gV排=1×103kg/m3×9.8N/kg×5×105m3=4.9×109N，浮力方向竖直向上；
（2）
∵轮船漂浮F浮=G物，
∴轮船由长江驶入大海后，受到的浮力不变，
故

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