A large number of examinations in the past have encouraged a tendency to separate testing from teaching.
Both testing and teaching are so closely ___1___ that it is virtually impossible to work in __2_ field without being
constantly concerned with the other. Tests may be _3___ primarily as devices to reinforce learning and to __4___
the student or primarily as a means of assessing the student’s performance in the language. In the __5_ case, the
test is __6__ to the teaching that has taken place, __7__ in the latter case the teaching is often adapted largely to
the test. Standardized tests and public examinations, in fact, may exert __8__ considerable influence on the __9__
teacher that they are often instrumental in determining the kind of teaching that takes place before the test.
A language test which seeks to find out _10___ candidates can do with language provides a focus for purposeful,
everyday communication activities. Such a test will have a more useful _11__ on the learning of a particular
language _12___ a mechanical test of structure. In the past __13__ good tests of grammar, translation or language
manipulation had a __14__ and even harmful effect on teaching. A good communicative test of language,
__15___, should have a much more positive effect on learning and teaching and should generally _16__ improved
learning habits.
Fortunately, a number of well-known public examining bodies now attempt to _17___ the candidates’
success in performing __18__ and relevant talks and their actual ability to communicate in the language. In this
__19__, such examinations undoubtedly exert a far more beneficial influence on syllabuses and teaching
strategies than in the past. However, even the best public examinations are still primarily instruments for
measuring each student’s performance _20__ the performance of other students or with certain established norms.
1. A) interrupted B) interchangeable C) interrelated D) interpersonal
2. A) any B) some C) either D) one
3. A) constructed B) instructed C) destructed D) obstructed
4. A) persuade B) motivate C) convince D) teach
5. A) typical B) point C) formal D) former
6. A) adhered B) adopted C) attached D) geared
7. A) therefore B) otherwise C) meanwhile D) whereas
8. A) such a B) nothing but C) quite a D) kind of
9. A) same B) common C) average D) certain
10. A) how B) which C) what D) where
11. A) affect B) effect C) meaning D) significance
12. A) and B) or C) than D) besides
13. A) some B) ever C) more D) even
14. A) positive B) negative C) powerful D) trivial
15. A) anyhow B) furthermore C) in addition D) however
16. A) result from B) result in C) stem from D) take in
17. A) measure B) make C) achieve D) attain
18. A) purposeful B) deliberate C) successful D) considerate
19. A) case B) sense C) situation D) word
20. A) in comparison with B) in connection with