永发信息网

pay spend take cost 的区别和用法,还有固定结构

答案:2  悬赏:60  手机版
解决时间 2021-03-15 14:40
  • 提问者网友:川水往事
  • 2021-03-15 08:24
pay spend take cost 的区别和用法,还有固定结构
最佳答案
  • 五星知识达人网友:詩光轨車
  • 2021-03-15 09:27
pay spend take cost 的区别和用法和固定结构

spend,cost,take和pay都可以表示“花费”,用法和固定结构区别如下。
spend的主语必须是人, 常用于以下结构:
(1) spend time /money on sth. 在……上花费时间(金钱)。例:
I spent two hours on this maths problem. 这道数学题花了我两个小时。
(2) spend time / money (in) doing sth. 花费时间(金钱)做某事。例:
They spent two years (in) building this bridge. 造这座桥花了他们两年时间。

cost的主语是物或某种活动, 还可以表示“值”, 常见用法如下:
(1)sth. costs (sb.) +金钱,某物花了(某人)多少钱。例:
A new computer costs a lot of money. 买一台新电脑要花一大笔钱。
(2) (doing) sth. costs (sb.) +时间,其他。某物(做某事)花了(某人)多少时间/其他。例:Remembering these new words cost him a lot of time. 他花了大量时间才记住了这些单词。
注意:cost的过去式及过去分词都是cost,并且不能用于被动句。

take后面常跟双宾语, 常见用法有以下几种:
(1) It takes sb. +时间+to do sth. 做某事花了某人多少时间。例:
It took them three years to build this road. 他们用了三年时间修完了这条路。
(2)doing sth. takes sb. +时间,做某事花了某人多少时间。例:
Repairing this car took him the whole afternoon. 他花了一下午修车。

pay的基本用法是:
(1) pay (sb.) money for sth. 付钱(给某人)买……。例:
I have to pay them 20 pounds for this room each month. 我每个月要付20英磅的房租。
(2)pay for sth. 付……的钱。例:
I have to pay for the book lost. 我不得不赔丢失的书款。
(3)pay for sb. 替某人付钱。例:
Don't worry!I'll pay for you. 别担心, 我会给你付钱的。
(4)pay sb. 付钱给某人。 例:
They pay us every month.他们每月给我们报酬。
(5)pay money back 还钱。例:
May I borrow 12 yuan from you? I'll pay it back next week. 你能借给我12块钱吗?下周还你。
(6)pay off one's money还清钱

总结
1.spend和pay的主语只能是人; cost的主语是物或事;
take后接时间时,主语也可以是人。此外,take和cost还可以用动词不定式或动词不定式短语作真实主语,而it为形式主语。例如:
I paid him $200 for this painting.我付他200美元买了这幅画。
She spent ten dollars shopping for food.她购买食品花了10美元。
The work cost me a lot of time and effort.这本著作花费了我大量的时间和精力。
We took a week to finish the work.我们花了一个星期完成这项工作。
It costs us a lot of money to build a house.盖房子花了我们很多钱。
2.pay的搭配范围最窄,只接金钱; cost的搭配范围最宽,除接金钱和时间外,还可接劳力、精力、财富、健康、职位甚至生命等。例如:
“Are you paying cash?”“No,I will pay by cheque.”“你付现金吗?”“不,我用支票支付。”
Careless driving cost him his life.粗心大意地开车使他丧了命。
3.spend可接动名词,而cost, pay, take可接动词不定式。
4.spend, take, pay都可用于被动结构,而cost不能用于被动结构。
另外:
take 一般用it做主语,例:it take sb sometime to do sth.
spend 一般是人做主语,例:I spend an hour to finish my homework.
cost表示某物值什么的(价值或钱)例:The bool cost 200yuan.
pay一般是人做主语,例:I pay an hour to do my homework.
全部回答
  • 1楼网友:北城痞子
  • 2021-03-15 10:55
spend,cost,take和pay的区别是历年中考试题的必考内容之一,虽然它们都可以表示“花费”,但用法却不尽相同。 spend的主语必须是人, 常用于以下结构:(1) spend time /money on sth. 在……上花费时间(金钱)。例:i spent two hours on this maths problem. 这道数学题花了我两个小时。(2) spend time / money (in) doing sth. 花费时间(金钱)做某事。例:they spent two years (in) building this bridge. 造这座桥花了他们两年时间。(3)spend money for sth. 花钱买……。例:his money was spent for books. 他的钱用来买书了。 cost的主语是物或某种活动, 还可以表示“值”, 常见用法如下:(1)sth. costs (sb.) +金钱,某物花了(某人)多少钱。例:a new computer costs a lot of money. 买一台新电脑要花一大笔钱。(2) (doing) sth. costs (sb.) +时间,某物(做某事)花了(某人)多少时间。例:remembering these new words cost him a lot of time. 他花了大量时间才记住了这些单词。 注意:cost的过去式及过去分词都是cost,并且不能用于被动句。 take后面常跟双宾语, 常见用法有以下几种:(1) it takes sb. +时间+to do sth. 做某事花了某人多少时间。例:it took them three years to build this road. 他们用了三年时间修完了这条路。(2)doing sth. takes sb. +时间,做某事花了某人多少时间。例:repairing this car took him the whole afternoon. 他花了一下午修车。 pay的基本用法是:(1) pay (sb.) money for sth. 付钱(给某人)买……。例:i have to pay them 20 pounds for this room each month. 我每个月要付20英磅的房租。(2)pay for sth. 付……的钱。例:i have to pay for the book lost. 我不得不赔丢失的书款。(3)pay for sb. 替某人付钱。例:don?蒺t worry!i'll pay for you. 别担心, 我会给你付钱的。(4)pay sb. 付钱给某人。 例: they pay us every month.他们每月给我们报酬。(5)pay money back 还钱。例:may i borrow 12 yuan from you? i'll pay it back next week. 你能借给我12块钱吗?下周还你。(6)pay off one's money还清钱。 spend/cost/pay/take (1)spend的主语通常是人,往往用于以下句型: (sb)spend some money/some time on sth. (sb)spend some money/some time(in)doing sth.例如: i spent fifty yuan on the coat. = i spent fifty yuan (in) buying the coat. 我花50元买了这件大衣。 he spent three days on the work. = he spend three days (in) doing the work. 我干这项工作用了3天。 (2)take常用于“占用、花费”时间,其主语通常为形式主语“it”或物。句式是: it takes/took sb.some time to do sth=sth.takes sb.some time. 例如: it took me three years to draw the beautiful horses. 画这些漂亮的马花费了我3年时间。 the work will take me two days.这项工作花了2天时间。 (3) pay为“付款、赔偿”之意,主语通常是人,往往是sb. pays some money for sth或pay sb.(some money for sth) 例如: i paid fifty yuan for the coat.我花50元买了这件大衣。 he has paid the doctor 50 pounds for the medicine? 他买药已付医生50英镑。 how much did you pay him? 你付他多少钱? (4) cost的主语必须是某物。spend … on sth./in doing sth.的主语必须是人。pay … for 的主语也是人。it takes + sb.+ 时间(或钱)to do sth.的主语则必须是形式主语it。 动词cost的常用用法是sth.cost (sb.) some money。 如:the dictionary cost me £ 20. 望采纳,祝开心! 参考资料:http://wenwen.sogou.com/z/q721287877.htm?si=2
我要举报
如以上回答内容为低俗、色情、不良、暴力、侵权、涉及违法等信息,可以点下面链接进行举报!
点此我要举报以上问答信息
大家都在看
推荐资讯