怎样学定语从句？我不理解。

初中英语不好，导致高中学起来很吃力。有办法吗？有什么好的资料书吗？

1、 定语从句在句中修饰某个名词或代词，被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。定语从句需用下列关联词：
关系代词 关系副词
起连词作用，本身做从句的主语、宾语、表语或定语 起连词作用，本身在从句中作时间、地点或原因状语
who, whom, that, whose, which, as when, where, why
2、 掌握以上关系代词、关系副词的含义及使用时，要特别注意以下几点：
1） 指人时宜用who 的情况：
a. 当先行词是 one, ones, anyone 或 those 时，关系代词用 who。
Anyone who goes there will be punished.
b. 在there be 开头的句子中。
There’s a beautiful girl who came to see you this morning.
c. 先行词后有一个较长的定语。
I met a foreigner in the city last week who could speak Chinese well.
d. 在非限定性定语从句中。
She has a brother, who worked at that factory ten years ago.
2) 指物时宜用 that 的情况：
a. 当先行词为 all, much, little, few, none, something, anything, everything, nothing 等不定代词时。All that can be done has been done.
b. 当先行词既指人又指物时。
He spoke of the men and the thing (that) he had seen abroad.

c. 当先行词被序数词或形容词的最高级修饰时。
This is one of the best films that I have ever seen.
d. 当先行词被 the very, the only, the last, any, every 等修饰时。
This is one of the very book that I am looking for.
e. 当先行词是疑问词 who, what, which 时。
Who that has such a home doesn’t love it?
f. 关系代词在从句中作表语。
Mary is no longer the girl that she used to be.
3) 只能用 which 不能用 that 的情况。
a. 引导非限定性定语从句修饰某物或整个句子。
Bruce went towards the fire, which was still smoking.
Tom came back late, which made his parents very angry.
b. 关系代词作介词的宾语。This is the house in which Lu Xun once lived.
4) 关系代词 as 和which都能引导非限定性定语从句代表整个句子的内容，as
引导的从句可位于句首或句末，which引导的定语从句则不能位于句首。
Which you know, he is a good man. (×)
As you know, he is a good man. (√)
6)关系副词when, where, why其含义相当于on which, in which for which等，可以互换：
The day when /on which I met him first was May 1st.
I don’t know the reason why /for which he didn’t come.
7)whose指物时，可以与of which等结构互换，但应注意与冠词的位置关系：
This is the book the cover of which / of which the cover / whose cover is blue.
8)有时可用代替关系副词。在口语中常省略。
This is the reason (why / for which / that) he came late.

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9)先行词是专有名词、整个句子或世界上独一无二的物质名词时，一般用非限定性定语从句修饰。The sun, which gives us light and heat, is very big.
10)在先行词和定语从句之间有无逗号有时会引起名义的变化：
He said nothing that made her angry. 他没说使她生气的话。
He said nothing, which made her angry. 他一言不发，这使她很生气。
3、 定语从句与强调结构
It is the place where they lived before.
It is in the place that they lived before.
第一个句子为定语从句，where指代the place，在定语从句中作状语，第二个句子为强调结构，强调in the place, that没有意义，把放回后面句子，句子意思完整。
Where is it that he found the lost watch? (强调句型，强调疑问副词where.)
Where is the watch he found yesterday? (定语从句，that指代the watch.)
4、 定语从句中的先行词
Is this book the one that you bought yesterday?
Is this the book that you bought yesterday?
第一个句子中，this book是主句的主语，the one是先行词。在第二个句子中this是主句的主语，the book是先行词。一定要避免出现：Is this book that you bought yesterday?
5、 定语从句与同位语从句
定语从句相当于形容词，它对先行词起修饰、描述或限制作用，而同位语从句则相当于名词，对其前面的词给予说明或作进一步解释，即说明该词所表示的具体内容。例如：
The news that we heard is not true. (定语从句)
The news that he won the prize is not true. （同位语从句）
另: 在“have no idea ＋从句”结构中，其从句都作idea的同位语。例如：
I have no idea when she will be back.
要是还不明白，建议你买本英语1+1来看看，希望对你有所帮助

宾语从句： I don't think that he can answer this question, can he?我认为他答不出这个问题，不是吗？ 状语从句： If it doesn't rain tomorrow，we will go there by bike.如果明天不下雨，我们就骑自行车去那里。 定语从句： I like the music for the very reason that(for which) he dislike it. 我出于某种原因喜欢这种音乐，而他恰恰与我相反。 状语从句： 用一个句子（从句）来作另一个句子（主句）的状语，用作状语的句子就叫作状语从句。作什么样的状语就叫什么类型的状语从句。例如：条件状语从句就是用一个句子来作条件状语。 状语从句的分类： （1）时间状语从句 凡是从句都必须有引导词，引导时间状语从句的词有when，before，after，until，as soon as，while 等。 （2）条件状语从句 主要看一下由if引导的条件状语从句。if 意为“如果”，引导条件状语从句时，表示假如有从句的动作发生就（不）会有主句的动作发生。例如： If it doesn't rain tomorrow，we will go there by bike.如果明天不下雨，我们就骑自行车去那里。 If I get there early，I can see the doctor quickly.如果我早早地到那里，我就可以快点看病。 3）地点状语从句用法要点 常用where（哪里）和wherever（无论哪里）eg. Where there is a will，there is a way. 有志者，事竟成。 We will go wherever the motherland need us most. 我们要到祖国最需要的地方去。 （4）原因状语从句用法要点 常用的引导连词有because，as和since，三者的区别是：在回答问题的时候，使用because；对于显而易见的原因，常用as或since；as和since的从句常放在主句之前，而because的从句常放在主句之后。eg. Why did you go？ I went because Tom told me to go. 你为何去？那是因为汤姆叫我去。 He was angry not because we were late but because we made a noise. 他很生气不是因为我们来迟了，而是因为我们弄出了声音。 As it was raining hard，we had to be indoors. 由于雨太大，我们只好呆在家里。 Since you feel ill，you'd better not go to work. 既然你感觉不舒服，你最好不要去上班了。 （5）目的状语从句用法要点 常用的引导连词有so that，that和in order that译为：以便，为了，目的是。eg. Please speak more slowly so that we can make full notes. 请讲慢一点，以便我们能作详细笔记。 I shall write down your address that I may not forget. 我要把你的地址记下来，以免忘记。 I sent the letter by air mail in order that it might reach him in time. 这封信我以航空信发出，以便他能及时收到。 注：目的状语从句可以用动词不定式来替换做目的状语。eg. We work harder than usual finish it in a week. 我们比平常加倍努力工作以在一周内完成工作。 三、主句与从句时态一致的问题。 在时间状语从句和条件状语从句中，主句和从句之间的时态一致问题一般分下列两种情况： 1. 若主句是祈使句，或主句中有情态动词，或主句中谓语动词是一般将来时，那么从句用一般现在时表示一般将来时。例如： Be careful when you cross the road. 过马路时要小心。 Put up your hand if you have any questions to ask. 如果你们有问题要问的话，请举手。 The traffic must stop when the lights are red. 红灯亮时，车辆必须停下。 2. 若主从句谓语动词都是陈述过去，那么主从句都可以用一般过去时。例如： She could sing when she was four years old. 她四岁的时候就会唱歌。 宾语从句： 宾语从句是用来充当宾语成分的句子。其构成为"引导词+主语+谓语+其它"，其语序是陈述句语序。引导宾语从句的连接词很多，多有实在意义，称为有意连词；that也可以引导宾语从句，但本身没有实在意义，称为无意连词。 1.that引导的宾语从句可以作动词、形容词等的宾语。主句中常见的谓语动词有say, know, hear, see, hope, think, believe, write, tell等。系动词加形容词afraid, worried, sure等后，也可用that引导的宾语从句。 如：I hope that he will come back soon. 我希望他能快点回来。 2.在由that引导的宾语从句中，由于连词that只起引导功能，无具体意义，不作句子成分, 因此在口语或非正式文体中常可省略,省略之后不影响原句性质和意义。 3.由that引导的宾语从句中的时态，通常分三种情况：若主句为一般现在时或一般将来时，宾语从句可根据具体情况选用时态；若主句是过去时，从句一般用相应的过去时态；若从句表示的是客观真理、名言、自然现象等，从句时态不受主句限制。 4.主句若是I/We think (believe, guess, suppose, imagine...)时，后面的宾语从句若要表示否定概念时，一般应将否定词not 转移到主句的谓语中。 如：I don't think (that) you are right. 我认为你不对。 5.含that宾语从句的复合句在变成反意疑问句时，如果主句的谓语动词为think，believe, guess, suppose, imagine等且主语是第一人称时，附加疑问部分要由从句决定；反之，附加疑问部分由主句决定。 如：I don't think that he can answer this question, can he?我认为他答不出这个问题，不是吗？ 定语从句： 定语从句（Attributive Clauses）在句中做定语，修饰一个名词或代词，被修饰的名词,词组或代词即先行词。定语从句通常出现在先行词之后，由关系词（关系代词或关系副词）引出。 关系代词有：who, whom, whose, that, which等。 关系副词有：when, where, why等。 I like the music for the very reason that(for which) he dislike it. 我出于某种原因喜欢这种音乐，而他恰恰与我相反。 ``

《跟李阳老师学高中英语-突破高考》是本系统复习书，很好。首先你应该知道定语就是修饰名词的形容词，譬如“A beautiful flower ”，“flower”是名词，“beautiful”是形容词，作定语…

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