strain softening， strain hardening和localisation分别是什么意思？

分别来自一篇文章的这两段话：（用*号标注）
1.
However, also PC can, under certain conditions, fail in a brittle manner, e.g. after prolonged exposure to high temperatures still below the glass transition tem-perature ( Tg)[1–6] or when high (positive) triaxial stress states are reached as for instance observed under a notch. [7–9] The intricate interplay between ****strain softening**** and ****strain hardening**** determines a material’s ability to delocalize strain, and it was shown that they are indeed the parameters governing the macroscopic behavior of all glassy polymers.
[6,10–12]

2.
The macroscopic deformation behaviour of amorphous polymers is dominated by ****localisation**** phenomena like necking and crazing. Finite element simulations show that the details of the intrinsic post-yield behaviour, strain softening and strain hardening, determine the severity of strain localisations.

strain softening：应变软化
strain hardening：应变硬化
delocalize strain：消除应变局部化
在应变软化和应变硬化之间错综复杂的相互作用决定了材料消除应变局部化的能力。

localisation phenomena ：局部化现象（如颈缩与断裂）

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