翻译步进电机

步进电机作为执行元件，是机电一体化的关键产品之一, 广泛应用在各种自动化控制系统中。随着微电子和计算机技术的发展，步进电机的需求量与日俱增，在各个国民经济领域都有应用。
步进电机是一种将电脉冲转化为角位移的执行机构。当步进驱动器接收到一个脉冲信号，它就驱动步进电机按设定的方向转动一个固定的角度(称为“步距角”)，它的旋转是以固定的角度一步一步运行的。可以通过控制脉冲个数来控制角位移量，从而达到准确定位的目的；同时可以通过控制脉冲频率来控制电机转动的速度和加速度，从而达到调速的目的。步进电机可以作为一种控制用的特种电机，利用其没有积累误差(精度为100%)的特点，广泛应用于各种开环控制。
普通步进电机驱动都不带细分，如：采用三相六拍、五相十拍等，使用中会出现低速振动现象，造成丢步。
若采用细分驱动，在驱动步进电机的过程中减小步距角，提高步进分辨率，增加平稳性，可有效地解决丢步问题。
步进的速度取决于控制绕组通电和断电的频率，转向取决于定子轮流通电的顺序。用开关管搭起控制电流通断的开关电路，有单片机端口接开关管栅极控制端，从而实现通过单片机对步进电机的控制。具有以下优点：
1.采用高速单片机技术，实现快速反应；
2.全数字控制，功能强大，位置/速度/力矩控制；
3.效率高可以往小型化方向发展；
4.输出电流大，可以满足更多的应用场合。
关键词： 步进电机 细分驱动

Stepper motors as actuators, electromechanical integration is one of the key products, widely used in a variety of automatic control systems. With the development of microelectronics and computer technology, increasing demand for stepper motors, all applications in all areas of the national economy.
Stepper motor is an electrical pulse into the angular displacement of the implementing agencies. When the stepper driver receives a pulse signal, it drives the direction of stepping motor rotation by setting a fixed point (called "step angle"), its angle of rotation is fixed step by step operation. Pulse number can be controlled by controlling the angular displacement, so as to achieve accurate positioning purposes; also can control the pulse frequency to control motor rotation speed and acceleration, so as to achieve speed control purposes. Stepper motor control can be used as a special motor, its no accumulation of error (accuracy of 100%) is widely used in various open-loop control.
Stepper motor driver is not with ordinary subdivision, such as: use of three-phase six-shot, five-phase 10 film and so on, use low speed vibration phenomena occur, resulting in lost step.
The use of a sub driver, in the process of stepping motor driven reduction step angle, increased step resolution, increase smoothness, which can effectively solve the problem step throw.
The speed of winding step power control and power of the frequency shift depending on the order of the stator power rotation. Put up with the switch control of power flow off the switch circuit, a microcontroller port access switch gate control terminal to realize the single chip microcomputer to control the stepping motor. Has the following advantages:
1. Using high-speed chip technology, fast response;
2. Fully digital control, powerful, position / speed / torque control;
3. Miniaturization and high efficiency can go to the direction of development;
4. Output current to meet more applications.
Keywords: Stepper Motor

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