专业英语翻译——将下面中文翻译成英文（3）

(三)幼儿的心理卫生
三至六、七岁的孩子处于幼儿期，也叫学龄前期。这个年龄阶段的孩子有的长托在幼儿园，有的仍在家里。家庭和幼儿园都应重视幼儿的心理卫生问题。
首先要让孩子摆正在家庭中的地位，“扮演”好他应当担当的“角色”。存在决定意识，存在也决定一个人的性格形成。幼儿正处于性格勾画蓝图的时期，也是个打基础的时期，家庭成员对他的态度，尤其是把他摆在什么位置上，让他担当什么角色，都对他的性格形成起巨大作用。出于母爱之心，人们对独生子女尤为珍爱，这是人之常情．但不少人往往把母爱和溺爱混淆起来，以孩子为核心，娇生惯养，要啥给啥，说啥是啥，把孩子惯得不像样子。这从眼前看，孩子随心所欲，欢欢乐乐，父母快慰，心情舒畅。但从长远观点看，并不利于孩子成长，尤其有害于孩子但心理健康。因为这样娇惯的孩子，大都任性，自我中心、自私、无礼，缺乏独立性，怯懦等。这样一些不良的性格特点一旦稳定下来，就会变成习惯化了的行为方式。将来一旦失去家庭的保护，父母的仗恃，就会变得胆小、畏缩，人际关系紧张，势必在心理上遭受更多的冲突与创伤。另外，娇生惯养的孩子往往缺乏独立性，缺乏克服困难的毅力和顽强精神，这对他们长大成才也是有影响的。搞好幼儿心理卫生，应当注意以下几点：
1．让孩子多多感受和睦家庭的温暖。这个问题对培养孩子良好的情绪和性格都有重要意义。在一个和睦家庭里，人们敬老爱幼，互相关心，互相爱护，这种和谐而又温暖的气氛，是有利于幼儿心理卫生的。有人甚至认为，这对形成他终生的道德情操都有意义。相反，有的家庭今天吵嘴，明天打架，有的还拉着孩子盲目参战；还有的夫妻不和，把孩子夹在中间，拉来推去，弄得孩子无所适从，恐惧不安。有人研究证明，这样的孩子易患口吃、夜尿症和胃病等。尤其是破裂家庭，对孩子的影响更大。据一项少年犯罪的调查来看，少年犯罪出现率最高的是四岁丧母或丧父的人。另对135名少年罪犯调查，其中有40％的人出身于破裂家庭。在破裂家庭中，父母离婚对子女的影响更坏，因为丧父母的孩子常受人同情，而离婚者的子女易受人歧视，更有害于心理卫生。
2．正确对待相处理幼儿的口吃和遗尿等疾病，口吃多是因幼儿模仿或精神突然紧张造成的，男孩大约有4％，女孩大约有2％。口吃看起来是件所谓“小事”，可对孩子的心理挫伤很严重，往往形成孤独、退缩、羞怯、自卑等不良性格待征。所以．家长要防止孩子口吃，患了口吃不要讥笑他，更不要打他骂他，要鼓励他树立信心，精神放松，慢慢纠正。再是五岁以后的孩子尿床，这叫患遗尿症。遗尿症除少数是生理原因以外，大都是由于精神紧张造成的，也有的是父母对孩子溺爱不加训练造成的。五、六岁的孩子尿床，自己感到不好意思，家长万万不可再用羞辱甚至责骂的办法来企图治好他的遗尿症。因为孩子越紧张，遗尿症越难治好。同时，因遗尿而受责打很容易形成、孩子焦虑、抑郁、自卑等不良性格。
3．正确对待孩子的过失和错误。孩子小，知识经验少，能力不强，许多是非不清，因而出现过失和犯错误都是不奇怪的。成人尚“吃一堑，长一智”，孩子更是在过失和错误中不断学习增长见识的。基于这个道理，对于孩子的过失和错误要心平气和，教育要耐心细致，尤其要讲清道理，不要让孩子心里感到委屈。打孩子，骂孩子，都不是好办法，因为经常损伤孩子的自尊心，孩子就更不易接受批评和教育，甚至形成不良的品德和人格。批评教育孩子时父母口径要一致。假如一方批评，一方袒护，就会使孩子非混淆，不愿接受教育。批评教育孩子的目的不是父母出气，或是让孩子服软，而是要引导孩子认识错误，鼓励孩子心情舒畅地改正错误。

3-6, seven-year-old children were in early childhood, also known as pre-school period. Children at this age have a long time of care in kindergarten, and some are still at home .Family and kindergarten should attach importance to children's mental health problem
Firstly, Children must be given the status in the family, "play" well he should play the "role". Existence result in consciousness. Existence also forms a person's character. Children‘s character is come into being for this period, the period is also a foundation to the child. Family members of his attitude, in particular, what the position he is put in and what the role played by him, all effect the formation of his character greatly. Parents love of the single child because of the motherly love. However, many people tend to confuse motherly love and spoil, regard children as the core, the cosseted, and satisfied the desire, no matter what he wants. Child is happy, parents are happy. However, from the long-term viewpoint, is not conducive to child growth, especially harmful to the mental health of children. By pampering children like this, self-willed, self-centered, selfish, impolite, lack of independence and cowardice will be formed in child’s character. Children will become accustomed to the bad behavior after such terrible character is formed stably .with losing the protection of Parent, it will become timid, interpersonal tensions, suffering more psychological conflict and trauma. In addition, the cosseted Children often are in scarcity of the independence, the lack of determination to overcome difficulties and indomitable spirit, which has an immense influence to being talent for the child. Doing a good job of children’s mental health, the following points should be noted:
1. Making children feel harmonious especially the warmth of home. Children on this issue cultivate a good mood and personality of great significance. Living in a harmonious home, such a harmonious and warm atmosphere that people respect and care for the young and old, mutual concern and love, is conducive to the child mental health .Some people even think that the circumstance is significant to the formation of his moral character all his life. In contrast, home quarrel and fight will not stop in some family .Inconceivablely, children also took part in the “war” blindly; the quarrel between some husband and wife result in making the child confused and fearful because the gay can’t decide whom he is in favor of. Some studies have proved that such a child is susceptible to stuttering, and some trouble of nocturnal enuresis and stomach. In particular, the breakdown of families has a greater impact on children. According to a survey of juvenile delinquency, juvenile delinquency rate is the highest in the crowd who lost his mother or father in four-year-old. In another 135 juvenile offenders, 40% of people have come from broken families. In broken home, the influence become even worse after the parents ‘divorce to their children. Not only the children lost their parents often by people sympathetic and children in the divorced family are vulnerable to discrimination, but also detrimental to mental health.
2. Right to treat children with stuttering and enuresis, stuttering is due to the trouble of imitation or mental sudden tension. Generally speaking, there are around 4% of boys, girls have around 2%. Stuttering look as "trivial", however, children can be very serious psychological injury, resulting in the bad character such as lonely, back, shy, low self-esteem .So; parents should prevent stuttering in their children. Don’t large at the stuttering child, not to beat him, but encouraging him to establish confidence in the spirit of relaxation, and being corrected in a long time. Another, that five-year-old children are bed-wetting called enuresis patients. Except some physiological reasons, most enuresis patients caused by the tension spirit, but also some parents doting on their children without training. Five, six-year-old children wet the bed that he was embarrassed, and then the parents must not humiliate or even scold him to try to cure the enuresis. More nervous children are, more difficult to cure enuresis. At the same time, being scold cause by the enuresis easily form the bad character such as anxiety, depression, and low self-esteem.
3. We should treat the mistakes of children correctly. Being at the young age, the less knowledge and experience, and poor ability that result in errors and mistakes are not unusual at all. Adults is still "cutting one to eat, a gain in your wit", Children need learn to grow up according to the fault and mistakes continuously. For this reason, the child's fault and error should be treated calm, patient education, in particular, and to tell the truth, without making children feel grievance. It is not a good way to beat or scold children because damaging children's self-respect frequently is negative for the children to accept criticism and education, and even form bad moral and character. Children will feel confused, thus leading to accept the education unwillingly, when one of the couple criticism but the other shield. The purpose of education and Criticism is not give vent to parent’s anger or soft serve children, but children should be guided to recognize errors, and encourage the children to correct their mistakes happily.
写了好长时间，累死了。。。。。

Children's mental health Three to six, seven-year-old children in early childhood, also known as pre-school period. Children this age have a long phase of care in child care centers, and some are still at home. Should attach importance to the family and kindergarten children's mental health problem. Children must first put the status in the family, "play" well he should play the "role." Decide the existence of consciousness, there has also decided to form a person's character. Child is in a character sketch a blueprint for the period, the period is also a foundation, the family members of his attitude, in particular, are what put him in a position so that the role played by him, all from his great role in the formation of character. The heart out of motherly love, especially love of one child, it is human. However, many people tend to confuse love and spoil, and to children as the core, the cosseted, to what to what, what are说啥to get used to not like children. This watch from the front of the children want, Huanhuan happy, parents happy, relaxed mood. However, the long-term point of view, is not conducive to child growth, especially harmful to the mental health of children. Since such coddle children, most self-willed, self-centered, selfish, rude, lack of independence, such as cowardice. Such as the characteristics of bad character, once stabilized, will become accustomed to the behavior of the. Families will lose the protection of Parent仗恃, it will become timid, shrink, interpersonal tensions, it is bound to suffer more psychological conflict and trauma. In addition, the cosseted Children often lack the independence, the lack of determination to overcome difficulties and indomitable spirit, which they grow is going to affect the talent. Improve mental health care, it should be noted the following points: 1. Children feel more in harmony so that the warmth of home. Children on this issue cultivate a good mood and personality of great significance. Live in a home, people respect and care for the young, mutual concern and love, such a harmonious and warm atmosphere, is conducive to mental health care. Some people even think that the formation of his moral character have the meaning of life. In contrast, some of today's home quarrel, to fight tomorrow, and some also took the war blindly Children; the husband and wife do not have the children caught in the middle, pull back and go, make the child confused and fearful. Some studies have proved that such a child susceptible to stuttering, such as nocturnal enuresis and stomach. In particular the breakdown of families, a greater impact on children. According to a survey of juvenile delinquency, juvenile delinquency rate is the highest four-year-old mother or the person lost his father. Another 135 juvenile offenders on the survey, of which 40% of people have come from broken families. Breakdown at home, the parents of the impact of divorce on their children even worse, because the children lost their parents often by people sympathetic to, and divorced people are vulnerable to discrimination against children, but also detrimental to mental health. 2. Right to treat children with stuttering and treatment of diseases such as enuresis, stuttering mimic many are due to child care or mental tension resulting from a sudden, there is around 4% of boys, girls have around 2%. Stuttering look is the so-called "trivial" Children can be very serious psychological injury, often lonely, back, shy, low self-esteem to be imposed, such as bad character. So. Children want their parents to prevent stuttering, stuttering is suffering from him not to sneer at, but not to curse him and beat him to encourage him to establish confidence in the spirit of relaxation, be corrected in due course. After a further five-year-old children are bed-wetting, called enuresis patients. Enuresis are physiological reasons for the exception of a few outside, mostly because of tensions caused by the spirit, but also some parents doting on their children caused by not training. Five, six-year-old children wet the bed that he was embarrassed, humiliated and then the parents must not approach or even scold him to try to cure the enuresis. Children because the more nervous, more difficult to cure enuresis. At the same time, a result of enuresis责打easily by the formation of Child anxiety, depression, low self-esteem, such as bad character. 3. Children deal with the fault of right and wrong. Child small, less knowledge and experience, ability, and many non-poor, resulting in errors and mistakes are not unusual at all. Adults is still "cutting one to eat, a gain in your wit," Children are more at fault and mistakes continue to see growth in the study. For this reason, the child's fault and error to be calm, patient and painstaking education should, in particular, to tell truth, not to let children feel aggrieved heart. Children play, called children, are not a good way, because often damage children's self-esteem, the children even more difficult to accept criticism and education, and even the formation of bad moral and character development. Criticism and education, when children want their parents the same caliber. If one criticism, one shield, it will cause the children of non-confusion, do not want to receive education. Criticism is not the purpose of education Parent Child outlet, or soft serve children, but children should be guided to recognize errors, ease of mind to encourage the children to correct their mistakes.

Three children till six , seven-year-old are in an infancy , also call school age earlier stage. Some strong point supports this age level child in the kindergarten , some still be in home. Both family and kindergarten should take the infant's mental hygiene problem seriously. Need to let a child lay bare the position that the family hits the target in course of first ", ""act as he assumes well naturally role" 4%". Existence decides mental consciousness , existence also decides one personal character formation. The infant is in a character drawing the outline of the blueprint period , is also the period doing spade work, a household member attitude, especially what location him being laid bare on to him, lets him what role to assume , forms up the enormous effect to his character. Cherish the only child especially out of the heart of mother love , people, this is that a constant occurrence in human relationships but quite a few people sometimes confounds mother love with doting on , with child at the core , being born in the lap of luxury , what asking what, what to criticize for is what , the child are habitual unlike that appearance. This complies with before self's eyes , the child does as one likes , happy, parents is be glad , is free from anxiety. Only comply with and be harmful for child to grow up, especially harmful to child but mental health. Because of the child , Dadu that such indulges are capricious, ego-centricity, is selfish , rude , be short of independent character , timid and overcautious etc.Such few are bad once the character characteristic stabilizing down , only are capable to do habit-rization turn to behavior way. Become timid , flinch in the future once losing the family protection , parents's backing , being therefore likely, human relations are strained , suffer more conflict and wound definitely on mentality. The child who besides, is born in the lap of luxury sometimes is short of independent character , is short of the overcome difficult stamina and indomitable spirit, this grows up to them becoming a useful person being also to have effect's. Do well in the infant mental hygiene , ought to pay attention to several following: 1 lets a child experience harmonious family kindness much. This problem trains a child the fine mood and character It both importance face to face. Within a harmonious family, people offers the old love child politely , care for each other , treasure each other, this harmonious and warm as well atmosphere, be beneficial to infant mental hygiene's. Somebody thinks that this forms him face to face even, all self's life moral sentiment all has meaning. The contrary , some family quarrels today , will fight tomorrow, some participate in a war blindly being pulling a child; Husband and wife who there are still is inharmonious , place the child in between in the middle of , La Lai Tui Qu , get child be at a loss as to what to do , dreadful discomposed. Somebody studies the certificate , such a child are easy to suffer from battarism , enuresis and gastric disease etc.The family , the effect to the child are bigger especially breaking. The investigation on the grounds of one juvenile delinquency is inspected, be taller than most, juvenile delinquency turn up rate is that four-year-old loses mother or loses father's people. 135 juvenile offenders inquire into another pair , person family background having 40% among them in breaking family. But parents gets divorced in breaking in the family, going bad more to effect of the son or daughter , show sympathy for because of the child who loses parents often accepts person, the people of divorcer's son or daughter easy to accept discriminates against, more harmful to mental hygiene. 2 rightness treats diseases such as battarism and enuresis handling an infant's each other , battarism most probably is that imitation or the spirit brings about suddenly in short supply because of the infant , the boy has 4% approximately, the girl has 2% approximately. Battarism seems being piece of so-called "minor matter" , the mentality contused wound to the child is very grave but , the bad characters such as lonely , shrink back , shy , self-abased sometimes taking form waits for a symbol. Have suffered from battarism not sneering at him , not having been since he condemns him than more , have needed to encourage therefore parents needs to guard against child battarism, he sets up confidence , the spirit loosens , corrects that slowly. Be that five-year-old child in the hereafter wets the bed again, this calls the trouble enuresis. Besides that the enuresis gets rid of minority is physiology cause, be to have plenty of parents also doting on to the child not training bringing about mostly since psychentonia brings about. Five , six-year-old child wets the bed , self feels coy, parents uses humiliation to try to cure his enuresis coming the way scolding even never but again. Because of the child is increasingly nervous, the enuresis is increasingly difficult to administer well. Formation , child anxiety , bad characters such as depressed , self-abased very easy at the same time, to be punished by flogging because of enuresis. 3 rightness treats child's fault and mistake. The child is small , knowledge experience is few , the ability is not strong , a lot of dispute is unclear, that fault and error appear as a result all is no queer. The adult still "falls into pit and gains wit" , the child is learning increasing experience's unceasingly in fault and mistake more. Owing to that this principle , fault and mistake to the child should be calm , educating needing to make patient and painstaking efforts,need to give clear reasons especially , not making child in the heart feel grievance. Beat a child , condemn a child , all be not good way, the child is no easier to accept criticism and education , form bad morality and personality even because of the self-respect often losing a child. When criticizing the education child, parents caliber should be consistent. One side criticizes , one side is partial to in case of, only be capable to do the messenger child must confound , be unwilling to accept education. Criticize the purpose educating a child's for being not that parents feels avenged, the dose is soft or by the child , is to need to guide a child to know mistake but , encourage a child to correct a mistake with ease of mind.

(3) children's mental health Three to six, seven children in its infancy, also called the. This age children in kindergarten, some long some still at home. Family and kindergarten children are should attach importance to the psychological health problems. First let children placed in the home, "is he shall bear play" good "character". There also exist determines consciousness, determines a person's character. Children are in character outline blueprint, is a foundation, the period of his family members, especially his attitude in any position, let him, what role to bear his character to play a great role. For love heart, is to cherish singleton, this is normal. But many people tend to confuse a doting mother and child, as the core, and spoiled, want what to say what, what is not accustomed to the child. This from sight, children, parents HuanHuanLeLe follow one's inclinations, joy, and a good mood. But from a long-term point of view, is not conducive to children's growth, particularly harmful to children but mental health. Because of this, mostly children pampered, selfish and self-centered capricious, rude, lack of independence, cowardice, etc. So some bad character once stability, will become a habit of behavior. In the future, if you lose the protection of family, parents ZhangShi will become timid, cower, interpersonal tension, will suffer more in psychological conflict and wounds. In addition, spoiled child often lack the independence, lack of perseverance and overcome the difficulties in their indomitable, it has also grown talents. Well, children should pay attention to the psychological health in the following points: 1.Let your child feel the warmth of family harmony. This question to cultivate a good mood and character are of significance. In a harmonious family, people respect respected, care for each other, love, this harmony and warm atmosphere, is conducive to children's mental health. Some people even think of his life, the formation of moral sense. Conversely, some families today, tomorrow, and some fight qurraling with child blindly fight still, And the children of the husband and wife, sandwiched in between, pull to push to get kids to fear. Some research shows that these children are predisposed to stutter, nocturia and stomach, etc. Especially for children, broken families more effect. According to a survey of juvenile delinquency, juvenile delinquency rate is highest is four years old mother or tear. Another teen criminals to 135, 40 percent comes from broken families. In the family, parents divorced rupture celebrates mother-child influence, because his parents more bad of the children often popular sympathy and divorcee children vulnerable people discrimination, more harmful to mental health. 2. Treat correctly handle the stuttering and children in diseases such as astrictive stuttering, mostly because of infant's or mental stress, the boy suddenly about 4 percent, approximately 2 girls. The stuttering looks is a so-called "small", on a child's psychological trauma is very serious, often form loneliness, shrink, shyness, such undesirable disposition to levy inferiority. So parents to prevent children. Stutter, had the stuttering don't laugh at him, he don't scold him, to encourage him to establish confidence, spirit is loosened, slowly. Again after five years is the child who, this call from these. These are physical reasons besides the minority, mostly because of stress, also have a plenty of parents spoiling children without training. Children between the ages of five and six, feel embarrassed bedwetting, parents never again with shame even scold way to attempt to cure his these. Because the child is nervous, these more difficult to cure. At the same time, because of urinary incontinence and stricken very easy to form, the child anxiety, depression, inferiority, etc are undesirable disposition. 3. the fault and treat their child correct mistakes. Little children, knowledge, ability is not strong, many are not clear, thus defects and mistakes are not strange. Adult is "no pains, no gains", the child is in error, and continuously learn knowledge in the wrong. Based on this point, the fault and error for children to calm, education should be careful, especially to speak clearly, don't let the children feel wronged. Dozen children, children are not good scold a way, because the children often damage self-esteem, children will more likely to accept criticism and education, even the bad character and personality forming. When parents caliber criticism should agree. If the party take criticism, party, can make children not confuse, do not wish to receive education. Criticism of child education than their parents, or let the children out FuRuan, but to guide your child know mistake, encourage your child to correct the mistakes in a relaxed mood.

(C) children's mental health 3-6, seven-year-old children in early childhood, also known as pre-school period. Children this age have a long phase of care in child care centers, and some are still at home. Should attach importance to the family and kindergarten children's mental health problem. Children must first put the status in the family, "play" well he should play the "role." Decide the existence of consciousness, there has also decided to form a person's character. Child is in a character sketch a blueprint for the period, the period is also a foundation, the family members of his attitude, in particular, are what put him in a position so that the role played by him, all from his great role in the formation of character. The heart out of motherly love, especially love of one child, it is human. However, many people tend to confuse love and spoil, and to children as the core, the cosseted, to what to what, what are说啥to get used to not like children. This watch from the front of the children want, Huanhuan happy, parents happy, relaxed mood. However, the long-term point of view, is not conducive to child growth, especially harmful to the mental health of children. Since such coddle children, most self-willed, self-centered, selfish, rude, lack of independence, such as cowardice. Such as the characteristics of bad character, once stabilized, will become accustomed to the behavior of the. Families will lose the protection of Parent仗恃, it will become timid, shrink, interpersonal tensions, it is bound to suffer more psychological conflict and trauma. In addition, the cosseted Children often lack the independence, the lack of determination to overcome difficulties and indomitable spirit, which they grow is going to affect the talent. Improve mental health care, it should be noted the following points: 1. Children feel more in harmony so that the warmth of home. Children on this issue cultivate a good mood and personality of great significance. Live in a home, people respect and care for the young, mutual concern and love, such a harmonious and warm atmosphere, is conducive to mental health care. Some people even think that the formation of his moral character have the meaning of life. In contrast, some of today's home quarrel, to fight tomorrow, and some also took the war blindly Children; the husband and wife do not have the children caught in the middle, pull back and go, make the child confused and fearful. Some studies have proved that such a child susceptible to stuttering, such as nocturnal enuresis and stomach. In particular the breakdown of families, a greater impact on children. According to a survey of juvenile delinquency, juvenile delinquency rate is the highest four-year-old mother or the person lost his father. Another 135 juvenile offenders on the survey, of which 40% of people have come from broken families. Breakdown at home, the parents of the impact of divorce on their children even worse, because the children lost their parents often by people sympathetic to, and divorced people are vulnerable to discrimination against children, but also detrimental to mental health. 2. Right to treat children with stuttering and treatment of diseases such as enuresis, stuttering mimic many are due to child care or mental tension resulting from a sudden, there is around 4% of boys, girls have around 2%. Stuttering look is the so-called "trivial" Children can be very serious psychological injury, often lonely, back, shy, low self-esteem to be imposed, such as bad character. So. Children want their parents to prevent stuttering, stuttering is suffering from him not to sneer at, but not to curse him and beat him to encourage him to establish confidence in the spirit of relaxation, be corrected in due course. After a further five-year-old children are bed-wetting, called enuresis patients. Enuresis are physiological reasons for the exception of a few outside, mostly because of tensions caused by the spirit, but also some parents doting on their children caused by not training. Five, six-year-old children wet the bed that he was embarrassed, humiliated and then the parents must not approach or even scold him to try to cure the enuresis. Children because the more nervous, more difficult to cure enuresis. At the same time, a result of enuresis责打easily by the formation of Child anxiety, depression, low self-esteem, such as bad character. 3. Children deal with the fault of right and wrong. Child small, less knowledge and experience, ability, and many non-poor, resulting in errors and mistakes are not unusual at all. Adults is still "cutting one to eat, a gain in your wit," Children are more at fault and mistakes continue to see growth in the study. For this reason, the child's fault and error to be calm, patient and painstaking education should, in particular, to tell truth, not to let children feel aggrieved heart. Children play, called children, are not a good way, because often damage children's self-esteem, the children even more difficult to accept criticism and education, and even the formation of bad moral and character development. Criticism and education, when children want their parents the same caliber. If one criticism, one shield, it will cause the children of non-confusion, do not want to receive education. Criticism is not the purpose of education Parent Child outlet, or soft serve children, but children should be guided to recognize errors, ease of mind to encourage the children to correct their mistakes.

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