＜英语＞改被动语态的窍门、还有该注意什么?
- 提问者网友：我的未来我做主
- 2021-04-20 10:39
- 五星知识达人网友：西岸风
- 2021-04-20 11:59
举个例子：I know this thing. 我知道这件事情 改为被动语态是：This thing is known by me.
有几个要点：
1.把原来主动句中的宾语变为被动句的主语
2.把动词变为被动形式即be +过去分词，并注意其人称和数随主语的变化，而动词的时态则保持不变。
3.原主动句的主语如需要则放在by后面以它 的宾格形式出现（注代词的宾格），如不需要则可省略。
4.其它的成分（定语、状语）不变。
简单吧！
- 1楼网友：不如潦草
- 2021-04-20 12:28
- 2楼网友：七十二街
- 2021-04-20 12:14
被动语态的基本结构为：be+动词的过去分词形式，时态通过be 表现出来，以动词write为例，各种时态的被动形式如下表：
【主动变被动需要注意的问题】
1. 由上述表格可以看出，被动语态没有完成进行时态，也没有将来进行时态，如果这类时态的主动结构变为被动结构，可以用完成时态或一般将来时态。例如：
We have been discussing the problem for two days.→
The problem has been discussed for two days.
We shall be discussing it tomorrow.→
It will be discussed tomorrow.
2. 如果宾语是that 从句，变为被动结构时一般用it作被动句的形式主语。例如：
They know that he is an expert.→
It is known that he is an expert./ He is known to be an expert.
3. 如果主动句是“主语＋谓语＋间接宾语＋直接宾语”变被动句时，若用直接宾语作被动句的主语，要在间接宾语前加to (可省)或for (不可省)。例如：
(1) He told her a long story.→
She was told a long story.
A long story was told to her.
(2) Mother bought me a new coat. →
I was bought a new coat.
A new coat was bought for me.
4. 如果主动语态中是使役动词have, make， let 或感官动词feel， listen to， hear, notice， see， watch加宾补结构，变被动语态后to 不能省略(let +单音节词例外)。例如：
He is made to do a lot of work every day.
He was allowed to go home by the teacher.
He was let go home by the teacher.
5. 系表结构与被动语态的区别：
系表结构一般只用于一般时态和过去时态，系表结构的过去分词相当于形容词，表状态；被动语态适用的时态较多，被动语态中的过去分词是动词，表动作。例如：
I am quite puzzled.
I am puzzled by the problem.
The composition is well written.
The composition was written with great care.
系表结构的过去分词可用very 修饰，被动语态中的过去分词用much来修饰。例如：
He was very excited.
He was much excited by the news.