Dorothea Dix left home at an early age—of her own free will—to live with her grandmother.A

Dorothea Dix left home at an early age—of her own free will—to live with her grandmother.
At fourteen, Dorothea was teaching school at Worcester, Massachusetts. A short time after she had begun teaching, she set up a school for young girls in her grandparents’ home. Stress was placed on moral character at Dorothea’s school, which she conducted until she was thirty-three.
She was forced to give up teaching at her grandparents’ home, however, when she became ill a few years of inactivity followed.
In 1841 Dorothea began to teach again, accepting a Sunday school class in the East Cambridge, Massachusetts prison. Here she first came upon insane people (精神病人) locked up together with prisoners.
In those days insane people were treated even worse than prisoners. There were only a few madhouses in the entire country. Therefore prisons, poor houses, and houses of correction were used to keep the insane.
Dorothea Dix made a careful investigation of the inhuman treatment of the insane. It was considered unfeminine (不适合) for a woman to devote herself to such work at this time. But this did not stop Dorothea Dix from providing proper medical care for the insane.
Gradually, because of her investigations, conditions were improved. More than thirty mental institutions were founded or rebuilt in the United States because of her hard work. Dorothea also spread her investigations to England and to other parts of Europe.
During the Civil War, Dorothea served as superintendent (负责) of women hospital nurses in the Union army. When the war was over, she returned to her work of improving conditions for insane people.
【小题1】This article is mainly about .
social problems of the nineteenth century
how Dorothea Dix got her education
how Dorothea Dix devoted herself to education
how Dorothea Dix devoted herself to the work of improving conditions for insane people
【小题2】How did Dorothea Dix first realize the mistreatment of insane people?
Her grandmother treated the mistreatment of insane people.
She worked in an insane hospital as a young woman.
She taught Sunday school in a prison.
She was asked to investigate the problem.
【小题3】The author implies Dorothea Dix’s work with the insane was interrupted because of .A．an illnessB．the Civil WarC．her trip to EnglandD．her grandmother’s death【小题4】How are the events of Dorothea Dix’s life presented in the passage?A．In space order.B．In time order. C．In alphabetical (字母的) order.D．From greatest to least important.D

(答案→)D 解析：【小题1】本题考查理解文章主旨大意的能力。通读全文可以看出，本文主要记叙了Dorothea Dix 献身于精神病人救助事业的动人事迹。【小题2】本题考查把握文章细节的能力。由第四段中“Here she first came upon insane people (精神病人) locked up together with prisoners.” 可知这里的“here”指的是Dorothea Dix 教书的那所监狱。据此可确定本题的答案。【小题3】本题考查根据文中细节进行简单推理判断的能力。从最后一段“During the Civil War, Dorothea served as superintendent (负责) of women hospital nurses in the Union army. When the war was over, she returned to her work of improving conditions for insane people.” 可知，在美国内战期间，Dorothea Dix 到了联邦军队工作。【小题4】本题考查判定文章结构的能力。由At fourteen, In 1841 , In those days, During the Civil War,可以看出整个故事是按照时间顺序来写的。

感谢回答，我学习了

这个解释是对的

水平 匀速直线 在接触面粗糙程度相同时，压力越大，摩擦力越大 在压力相同时，接触面越粗糙，摩擦力越大 压力和接触面的粗糙程度解析分析：（1）在该探究实验中，摩擦力的大小是通过与它平衡的拉力显示出来的，而要使拉力与摩擦力相等，必须让木块在水平方向做匀速直线运动，这样木块处于平衡状态，二力相等．（2）由甲、乙两图可知接触面的粗糙程度相同，压力的大小不同，弹簧测力计的示数不同，可得出压力越大，摩擦力越大的结论．（3）由甲、丙两图可知压力的大小相同，接触面的粗糙程度不同，弹簧测力计的示数不同，可得出接触面越粗糙，摩擦力越大的结论．（4）综上所述即可得出影响滑动摩擦力的大小的因素．解答：A、弹簧测力计显示的读数是拉力大小，只有让木块在水平方向做匀速直线运动，拉力与摩擦力才是一对平衡力，大小相等．B、甲、乙两图实验中木块和木板接触面的粗糙程度相同，乙图中木块的上方增加了一个砝码压力增大了，弹簧测力计的示数变大，即滑动摩擦力变大，所以研究的是摩擦力大小与压力大小的关系，压力越大摩擦力越大；故可得结论：在接触面粗糙程度相同时，压力越大，摩擦力越大．C、甲、丙两图实验中木块对接触面的压力不变，丙图中木板的表面粗糙，弹簧测力计的示数变大，即滑动摩擦力变大，所以研究的是摩擦力大小与接触面粗糙程度的关系，接触面越粗糙摩擦力越大；故可得结论：在压力相同时，接触面越粗糙，摩擦力越大．D、综合上述实验表明：滑动摩擦力的大小与压力和接触面的粗糙程度有关．故

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