【burn】英语单词burn的主动与被动的用法及区别

【burn】英语单词burn的主动与被动的用法及区别

【答案】 burn的用法与语法 1.可用作及物或不及物动词：He burned her letter.他把她的信烧了.The tea is very hot,and don’t burn you mouth.茶很烫,不要烫伤了嘴巴.Paper burns easily.纸容易燃烧.The meat has burnt.肉煮糊了.有时可指“灯亮” ：All the lights are burning.所有的灯都亮着.2.有时用于引申义,表示“有某种强烈的情绪”或“迫切想要”,多用于进行时态：He was burning with anger.他怒气冲天.She was burning to buy a computer.他很想买台电脑.3.构成被动语态时,除可用 be burned 外,有时也用 get burned 的形式：He was thus burned to death by the enemy.他就这样被敌人活活地烧死了.The pudding got burned.布丁煮糊了.4.关于 burned 与 burnt：(1) 美国英语通常只用 burned,只是在用作定语时才用 burnt：He burned his hand on a hot stove.他的手在炉子上烫伤了.The house was burned to the ground.这座房子被烧成灰烬了.Look at the burnt sugar.瞧这烧焦了的糖.(2) 英国英语通常分两种情况：用作不及物动词用时用burned；用作及物动词时用burnt：The fire burned brightly.火烧得很亮.I’ve burnt the dinner.我把饭煮糊了.burn down意为“烧毁”,通常是指建筑物被完全烧塌.如：(1)The school building was burned down in that big fire.在那场大火中,学校大楼被烧毁.(2)The whole village was burned down by the enemy.整个村庄都被敌人烧毁了.【注】burn down作“烧毁”解释时,也可以用作不及物动词.如：(3)The woodshed burned down in half an hour.木棚半小时内被烧毁.【注】burn down还有“火势减弱”之意.如：(4)The fire has burned down to a spark.火已减弱,仅剩一点火星.▲burn up也有“烧毁”“烧掉”之意,但一般不是指建筑物.如：(5)Let’s burn up all this waste paper.咱们把这些废纸都烧掉吧.(6)The fire burned up more than ＄ 500,000 worth of antiques.这场火烧掉了价值50多万美元的古董.(7)All his books were burned up in the fire.他所有的书都在这场火灾中被焚.(8)Fires burned up 1,800 acres of timber.大火烧毁了1800英亩的木料.【注】burn up还有“烧旺”“烧起来”之意.如：(9)Please put some wood on the fire and make it burn up.请在火上加些木料使它烧旺.【注】burn up亦可作“用光体力”解释.如：(10)His work burned him up.他的工作使他精疲力尽.burn down sth

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