They sat together,

They sat together,

这个属于“非谓语动词”的主动形式.非谓语动词是指在句子中不是谓语的动词,主要包括不定式、动名词和分词（现在分词和过去分词）,即动词的非谓语形式.非谓语动词除了不能独立作谓语外,可以承担句子的任何成分.1．非谓语动词与谓语动词的相同点有： （1）如果是及物动词都可与宾语连用,例如： They built a garden. They suggested building a garden. （2）都可以被状语修饰： The suit fits him very well. The suit used to fit him very well. （3）都有主动与被动, “体”式（一般式；进行式；完成式）的变化.例如： He was punished by his parents.（谓语动词被动语态） He avoided being punished by his parents.（动名词的被动式） We have written the composition.（谓语动词的完成时） Having written the composition, we handed it in.（现在分词的完成式） （4）都可以有逻辑主语 They started the work at once.（谓语动词的逻辑主语） The boss ordered them to start the work.（动词不定式的逻辑主语） We are League members.（谓语动词的主语） We being League member, the work was well done. （现在分词的逻辑主语） 2、非谓语动词与谓语动词的不同点有： （1）非谓语动词可以有名词作用（如动词不定式和动名词）,在句中做主语、宾语、表语. （2）非谓语动词可以有形容词作用（如动词不定式和分词）,在句中做定语、表语或宾语补足语. （3）非谓语动词可以有副词作用（如动词不定式和分词）,在句中作状语. （4）谓语动词在句中作谓语,受主语的人称和数的限制；非谓语动词在句中不能单独作谓语,它不受主语的人称和数的限制. (5)英语中不能单独做句子的谓语.动名词既具有动词的一些特征,又具有名词的句法功能. 1．动名词的形式： Ving 否定式：not + 动名词 （1）一般式： Seeing is believing. 眼见为实. （2）被动式： He came to the party without being invited．他未被邀请就来到了晚会. （3）完成式： We remembered having seen the film. 我们记得看过这部电影. （4）完成被动式： He forgot having been taken to Guangzhou when he was five years old. 他忘记五岁时曾被带到广州去过. （5）否定式：not + 动名词 I regret not following his advice. 我后悔没听他的劝告. （6）复合结构：物主代词（或名词所有格）+ 动名词 He suggested our trying it once again. 他建议我们再试一次. His not knowing English troubled him a lot. 他不懂英语给他带来许多麻烦. 2．动名词的句法功能： （1）作主语： Reading aloud is very helpful. 朗读是很有好处的. Collecting stamps is interesting. 集邮很有趣. 当动名词短语作主语时常用it作形式主语. It's no use quarrelling.争吵是没用的. （2）作表语： In the ant city, the queen's job is laying eggs. 在蚂蚁王国,蚁后的工作是产卵. （3）作宾语： They haven't finished building the dam. 他们还没有建好大坝. We have to prevent the air from being polluted. 我们必须阻止空气被污染. 注意动名词既可作动词宾语也可作介词宾语,如上面两个例句.此外,动名词作宾语时,若跟有宾语补足语,则常用形式宾语it,例如：

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