Speech—the act of uttering sounds to convey meaning—is a kind of human action. Like any ot

Speech—the act of uttering sounds to convey meaning—is a kind of human action. Like any other
constantly repeated action, speaking has to be learned, but once it is learned, it becomes a generally
unconscious and apparently automatic process.
As far as we can determine, human beings do not need to be forced to speak; most babies seem to possess a
sort of instinctive drive to produce speech like noises. How to speak and what to say are another matter
altogetner. There actions are learned from the particular society into which the baby is born; so that, like all
conduct that is learned from a society—from the people around us—speech is a patterned activity.
The meandering(漫目无地的)babble(咿呀学语)and chatter of a young child are eventually channeled by
imitation into a few orderly grooves that represent the pattern accepted as meaningful by the people around
him. Similarly, a child’s indiscriminate(不加分辨的)practice of putting things into his mouth becomes limited to putting food into his mouth in a certain way.
The sounds that a child can make are more varied and numerous than the sounds that any particular language uses. However, a child born into a society with a pattem of language is encouraged to make a small selection of sounds and to make these few sounds over and over until it is natural for him to make these
sounds and not others.
【小题1】For an adult, the process of speaking usually involves .A．conscious selection of soundsB．imitation of those around himC．a drive to make noisesD．unconscious actions【小题2】The selection says that most babies have an instinctive drive to .A．express ideas in wordsB．make speech like noiseC．convey meaningD．imitate sounds around them【小题3】Conduct that is learned from a society may be called .A．instinctive driveB．selectionC．automatic activityD．patterned activity【小题4】The sounds that a child is able to make are .A．not as varied as those used in languageB．more varied and numerous than those in any languageC．far fewer than those needed to form a languageD．completely different from the sounds of language【小题5】We may say that a child has learned to speak if he .A．makes varied soundsB．carefully considers each sound he makesC．makes only certain sounds naturallyD．imitates people around himD

(答案→)D 解析：【小题1】根据Like any other constantly repeated action, speaking has to be learned, but once it is learned, it becomes a generally unconscious and apparently automatic process.描述可知选D，说话过程通常包含无意识行为。【小题1】根据most babies seem to possess a sort of instinctive drive to produce speech like noises.描述可知选B。【小题1】根据like all conduct that is learned from a society—from the people around us—speech is a patterned activity.可知选D。【小题1】根据The sounds that a child can make are more varied and numerous than the sounds that any particular language uses.可知选B。【小题1】根据However, a child born into a society with a pattem of language is encouraged to make a small selection of sounds and to make these few sounds over and over until it is natural for him to make these sounds and not others.描述可知选C。

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