(二)Biorobotic根据以下材料，回答问题。Surgeonsarebeingabletoentertheeyetocarryoutoperati

共享题干题 (二)Biorobotic根据以下材料，回答问题。 Surgeons are being able to enter the eye to carry out operations--atleast in a virtual sense. Techniques derived from virtual reality- the computer system that immerses operations in an artificial computer-generatedworld -- will allow surgeons to feel as if he could see the inside of, the eyeduring an operation, creating the illusion that they are actually there.Researchers at the Biorobotics (生物机械人技术) Laboratory of McGill University in Montreal are building a robot, known as Micro SurgeryRobot-1 (MSR-I for short) , that will perform delicate operations under thecontrol of a human surgeon. The robot is specifically designed for performing eye surgery but could have other applications, such as the removal ofbrain tumors. The system could also be used to allow surgeons and theirstudents to practice simulated surgery that feel like the real thing -- withoutthe real consequences for the patients.During the operations, the surgeon manipulates a set of controls knownas the master. These are connected through a high-performance computer tothe robot. Both the master and the robot have two limbs. When the surgeonmoves the master's limbs, the robot's limbs move in exactly the same way, except that the movements can be sealed down as much as a thousandtimes. This will eliminate hand tremor and poor accuracy and thus reducethe damage to the eye that can occur with present microsurgery techniques.Each of the robot's limbs has a minimum movement of one micrometer--more than one hundred times the precision of the human hand. The computer also creates a three-dimensional robot's eye view of theinside of the eye that the surgeon can see by wearing a virtual reality helmet (头盔) that has a small lens in front of each eye. To provide the surgeon with such a realistic experience, MSR-I must beable to move rapidly,but this requires extremely fast computing. To handlethe computational demands of instant interaction, the McGill team is constructing its own parallel-processing computer. It is also studying areas such asmuscle mechanism, artificial intelligence and optics, and has already built another microrobot, MR-I, capable of manipulating a single living cell.1.[不定向选择题]The phrase "scale down" in Paragraph 3 probably means to __________.A.reduce according to proportion B.reduce according to a fixed pattern C.diminish infinitely D.eliminate gradually 2.[不定向选择题]MSR-I is specifically designed for __________.A.making inside-eye examinations B.urgeons to perform delicate operations C.cutting off tumors in human body D.medical students to practice simulated surgery

1.参考答案：A
参考解析：题干：第三段中的“scale down”是什么意思?本题为猜测短语题。分析第三段的三、四、五句可知，外科医生通过控制master的手臂来控制机器人的动作。机器人的动作只有医生真正动作幅度的千分之一，机器人的最细微的动作可以用微米来衡量，并且比人手精细一百倍。这样细微的动作可以避免传统手术中因为手发抖或动作不精确而造成对眼睛的伤害。通过上下文语义可以看出，scale down在文中就是“按照比例缩小”的意思。故答案为A。
2.参考答案：B
参考解析：题干：MSR-1是为__________专门设计的。由“…known as Micro SurgeryRobot．I(MSR-I for short)，that will perform delicate operations under thecontrol of a human surgeon．”可知 MSR．I是给外科医生用来进行精细手术的。故答案为B。3.[不定向选择题]What is the chief advantage of the virtual reality techniques when usedin microsurgery?A.Simulated surgery are made more realistic B.Surgeons can do operations without considering consequences. C.Operations on human eyes become accurate D.Surgeons need only to manipulate a set of controls.

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