宏观经济学的中英文定义？

宏观经济学的中英文定义？

一、中文概述 宏观经济学是以国民经济总过程的活动为研究对象，因为主要考察就业总水平、国民总收入等经济总量，因此，宏观经济学也被称作就业理论或收入理论。 宏观经济学和微观经济学并不分开，“宏观”就是在“微观”的基本思维基础上发展的。但“宏观”又区别于“微观”。“微观”研究的是某个组织、部门或个人在经济社会上怎么样作出决策，以及这些决策会对经济社会有什么影响。而“宏观”则是研究整个的经济社会如何运作，并找出办法，让经济社会运行得更加稳定、发展得更快。 宏观经济学存在着许多流派、分支，甚至分歧（意见、观点不同）。比较出名的有凯恩斯主义、货币主义等等。其不能存在比较大的“共同观点”，笔者认为，极可能由于宏观经济学中的观点难以用事实证明。尽管“宏观”也可以建立像物理、化学和气象等的模型，但“宏观”模型是很难用现实去说明是否正确。不可能只是为了证明“宏观”的某个观点是否正确，而去有意识的“调节”、“操作”和干涉经济社会的运行。比如说，不可能为了说明“失业率有多大才会对经济社会产生不稳定的影响”，而去真的让一些人民失业。这些事情，不单是不可能去做，而且也做不到。 因此，宏观经济学的研究是很复杂、很困难的。 二、英文概述 Macroeconomics is a branch of economics that deals with the performance, structure, and behavior of a national or regional economy as a whole.Along with microeconomics, macroeconomics is one of the two most general fields in economics. Macroeconomists study aggregated indicators such as GDP, unemployment rates, and price indices to understand how the whole economy functions. Macroeconomists develop models that explain the relationship between such factors as national income, output, consumption, unemployment, inflation, savings, investment, international trade and international finance. In contrast, microeconomics is primarily focused on the actions of individual agents, such as firms and consumers, and how their behavior determines prices and quantities in specific markets. While macroeconomics is a broad field of study, there are two areas of research that are emblematic of the discipline: the attempt to understand the causes and consequences of short-run fluctuations in national income (the business cycle), and the attempt to understand the determinants of long-run economic growth (increases in national income). Macroeconomic models and their forecasts are used by both governments and large corporations to assist in the development and evaluation of economic policy and business strategy.

Macroeconomics (from Greek prefix "macr(o)-" meaning "large" + "economics") is a branch of economics that deals with the performance, structure, behavior and decision-making of the entire economy, be that a national, regional, or the global economy. Along with microeconomics, macroeconomics is one of the two most general fields in economics. Macroeconomists study aggregated indicators such as GDP, unemployment rates, and price indices to understand how the whole economy functions. Macroeconomists develop models that explain the relationship between such factors as national income, output, consumption, unemployment, inflation, savings, investment, international trade and international finance. In contrast, microeconomics is primarily focused on the actions of individual agents, such as firms and consumers, and how their behavior determines prices and quantities in specific markets. While macroeconomics is a broad field of study, there are two areas of research that are emblematic of the discipline: the attempt to understand the causes and consequences of short-run fluctuations in national income (the business cycle), and the attempt to understand the determinants of long-run economic growth (increases in national income). Macroeconomic models and their forecasts are used by both governments and large corporations to assist in the development and evaluation of economic policy and business strategy.

一、中文概述：宏观经济学是以国民经济总过程的活动为研究对象，因为主要考察就业总水平、国民总收入等经济总量，因此，宏观经济学也被称作就业理论或收入理论。 宏观经济学和微观经济学并不分开，“宏观”就是在“微观”的基本思维基础上发展的。但“宏观”又区别于“微观”。“微观”研究的是某个组织、部门或个人在经济社会上怎么样作出决策，以及这些决策会对经济社会有什么影响。而“宏观”则是研究整个的经济社会如何运作，并找出办法，让经济社会运行得更加稳定、发展得更快。 宏观经济学存在着许多流派、分支，甚至分歧（意见、观点不同）。比较出名的有凯恩斯主义、货币主义等等。其不能存在比较大的“共同观点”，笔者认为，极可能由于宏观经济学中的观点难以用事实证明。尽管“宏观”也可以建立像物理、化学和气象等的模型，但“宏观”模型是很难用现实去说明是否正确。不可能只是为了证明“宏观”的某个观点是否正确，而去有意识的“调节”、“操作”和干涉经济社会的运行。比如说，不可能为了说明“失业率有多大才会对经济社会产生不稳定的影响”，而去真的让一些人民失业。这些事情，不单是不可能去做，而且也做不到。 因此，宏观经济学的研究是很复杂、很困难的。 二、英文概述：Macroeconomics is a branch of economics that deals with the performance, structure, and behavior of a national or regional economy as a whole.Along with microeconomics, macroeconomics is one of the two most general fields in economics. Macroeconomists study aggregated indicators such as GDP, unemployment rates, and price indices to understand how the whole economy functions. Macroeconomists develop models that explain the relationship between such factors as national income, output, consumption, unemployment, inflation, savings, investment, international trade and international finance. In contrast, microeconomics is primarily focused on the actions of individual agents, such as firms and consumers, and how their behavior determines prices and quantities in specific markets. While macroeconomics is a broad field of study, there are two areas of research that are emblematic of the discipline: the attempt to understand the causes and consequences of short-run fluctuations in national income (the business cycle), and the attempt to understand the determinants of long-run economic growth (increases in national income). Macroeconomic models and their forecasts are used by both governments and large corporations to assist in the development and evaluation of economic policy and business strategy.

宏观经济学概述 　　宏观经济学是以国民经济总过程的活动为研究对象，着重考察和说明国民收入、就业水平、价格水平等经济总量是如何决定的、如何波动的，故又被称为总量分析或总量经济学。 　　宏观经济学又称总体经济学、大经济学。是微观经济学的对称。宏观经济学是现代经济学的一个分支。宏观经济学以整个国民经济为考察对象，研究经济中各有关总量的决定及其变动，以解决失业、通货膨胀、经济波动、国际收支等问题，实现长期稳定的发展。

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